The stocker cattle phase is a key segment in the beef production cycle, bridging the gap between the cow-calf operation and the feedlot. This phase is characterized by the growth and development of weaned calves before they enter the feedlot for finishing.
Stocker cattle programs emphasize forage-based growth, focusing on skeletal and muscle development rather than fat deposition. This period allows producers to add weight to the cattle cost-effectively while optimizing their health and conditioning before the final finishing stage.
Some might consider stocker cattle the “middle child” of beef production. Stocker cattle don’t offer the glam and glitz of cow-calf production. Furthermore, they don’t hold the title of “feeding the world,” either. Stocker cattle are typically a higher-stressed group of calves. They have been weaned from their mamas, transported many miles and if not managed proactively, require more treatments than most cattle.
Perhaps this phase can benefit from the BioZyme family of brands more so than other groups of animals. We know that 70% immune response for cattle starts in gut. As BioZyme dealers, if you reach out to your stocker cattle operators, with products that feature AO-Biotics® Amaferm®, those calves are more likely to stay healthy and grow faster. That seems like a win-win! But first, let’s explore more about the stocker cattle phase.
Stocker Cattle Selection
Selecting the right stocker cattle involves evaluating various factors, including breed, weight, frame size, health and genetic potential for growth. Generally, cattle with medium to large frames that exhibit good growth potential and skeletal development are preferred.
According to John Jeffrey, BioZyme Director of National Sales, knowing the information on the calves you are about to buy is one of the most important management tools you can employ. Discovering their breed and genetic make-up and what kind of management they have had in the past will give you a better sense of how to care for them. Other history you might want to find out includes any vaccination or health protocol that was used and how long they have been weaned.
“Knowing if you’re getting in high risk or low risk calves, and the overall history of a source of cattle can help a backgrounder out. This basic information helps you determine how you can best handle the cattle moving forward,” Jeffrey said.
Stocker cattle are often sourced from cow-calf operations and purchased at livestock auctions or directly from producers. Healthy calves with minimal stress and low instances of disease are ideal for stocker programs. High-risk calves, such as those transported long distances or exposed to multiple stressors, may require additional management and health interventions.
Nutrition & Grazing Management
Nutrition plays a vital role in the stocker phase, with most programs relying heavily on pasture and forage-based diets. Common forages used include native grasses, improved pastures, wheat, rye, oats and other small grains. Depending on the geographic location and season, stocker cattle may graze on different types of forage to maximize growth rates.
Supplemental feeding may be necessary in certain situations, particularly when forage quality is low. Protein and energy supplements, along with mineral and vitamin supplementation, help ensure optimal growth. Water availability and quality are also fundamental, as proper hydration supports digestion and overall health.
Stocker operations may utilize rotational grazing systems to enhance pasture utilization and maintain forage productivity. Rotational grazing allows pastures to rest and recover, reducing overgrazing and improving long-term sustainability.
Facilities are Key
Having a facility that is calf-friendly is vitally important. We often think of stocker cattle out grazing on lush, wide, open pastures. While that is true most of the time, there are still some things to consider when preparing facilities for stockers.
Stocker operators need to have a receiving pen with a loadout chute, where calves can unload from the semi and load up when it is time to go to the feed yard. The receiving pen should be large enough to hold calves for an adjustment period to get them used to their new environment. It should have a fresh water source and provide a quality vitamin and mineral supplement.
Additionally, ensure that there is a fresh water source big enough to service the cattle in the pen. Access to clean, fresh water at this stage of their life is vitally important to their overall health and performance.
Furthermore, the facilities should have a working chute, where you can process cattle upon receiving or if you need to treat a sick one. Jeffrey said one really nice processing perk is having a scale underneath your processing chute, which allows you to more accurately dose your antibiotics and vaccinations to weight.
“When every penny counts, being able to provide dosage to the animal’s weight, and manage your medicine inventory are ways to provide yourself more income,” he said.
Finally, make sure the fence line should be secure, and adequate bunk space is available if you are feeding your calves grain.
Animal Health, Nutrition
Animal health and nutrition work synergistically. They are a critical component to any producer’s cattle production and management resources. Jeffrey encourages every stocker operator to have animal health and animal nutrition protocols. Those start with building trusted relationships with livestock nutritionists and veterinarians who understand your production goals. Maintain records of every treatment and vaccination you give your animals and find a record-keeping system that works best for you.
Perhaps the most important way to ensure that your animals stay healthy is to get them started right with the 3-step approach from Gain Smart.
“If we can get Amaferm into their diet and keep it in their diet early on, it will help those calves maintain a healthy stomach. They will feel better, grow better, have overall better water intake and go to the feedlot growing and gaining more efficiently,” Jeffrey said.
Promote Gain Smart Program as a Cattle Management Tool
Step 1: VitaFerm® Cattle Drench
VitaFerm® Cattle Drench is the first step to successfully receiving calves. This drench for cattle is designed to support digestive health before, during and after challenges. It contains AO-Biotics® Amaferm®, a prebiotic research-proven to enhance digestibility. Cattle Drench also contains MOS (mannan oligosaccharides) to help normalize the gut microflora and supports the immune system and enzymes to generate a more rapid digestive response.
Using this drench as you process the calves at receiving helps keep their gut healthy and functioning. We know that 70% of the immune response starts within the digestive system, so a healthy gut will lead to a healthy animal.
Step 2: VitaFerm® Stress Tubs
VitaFerm Stress Tubs help eliminate stress of being in a new environment when offered to calves the first 14 to 21 days post-receiving. This tub for cattle is designed to support digestive health and intake and contains Vita Charge Technology including Amaferm and MOS. It also contains a probiotic to help restore the gut microbiome. The Stress Tubs are not minerals but can work along with your mineral program.
The Vita Charge Technology, found in the Cattle Drench and Stress Tubs, is comprised of a unique blend of ingredients. These ingredients help support animal health before, during or after the stress. Every product with Vita Charge Technology contains an exact amount of B vitamins, vitamin E, potassium, zinc, MOS and Amaferm.
In addition, a precisely defined salt-to-sugar ratio was developed and incorporated into the technology to support hydration. This combination provides an undeniable impact to livestock under stress
Step 3: Gain Smart
Gain Smart® is a line of free-choice vitamin and mineral supplements for stocker cattle that promotes healthy, economical pounds. With four different formulas based on your management scenarios, this mineral is designed to maximize efficient gain.
Gain Smart contains Amaferm, organic copper, iodine and zinc for maximum bioavailability and hoof health. It also provides nutritional support for a healthy immune system. It can be fed as a loose mineral or mixed into a ration.
Growth Performance & Weight Gain
The stocker operator strives for his or her stocker cattle to achieve moderate weight gain while maintaining lean muscle growth. Average daily gain (ADG) for stocker cattle typically ranges from 1.5 to 2.5 pounds per day, depending on forage quality, nutrition and management practices. Producers aim for an efficient cost-per-pound gain by utilizing high-quality forages and optimizing feeding strategies.
One advantage of feeding the Gain Smart mineral is that it is research proven to add at least .25 pound of gain per day to stocker cattle. Not only does the Amaferm increase the immune response, but it increase the growth and performance.
Cowboy Math to Help your Customers
Here’s something you should walk through with your customers to help them see the value of Amaferm.
With last fall, 5-weights were selling in the $3s, and even 7- and 8-weights brought in the mid $2 range -not an ideal time to buy stocker cattle. However, it was time to buy, and fall moisture meant pastures were ready.
“The cost of cattle is always going to fluctuate. However, the price of Amaferm hasn’t changed in the 10 years I have worked for the company,” Jeffrey said. “At just 4 cents per head per day, Amaferm can magnify the value of your forages and feedstuffs. It will help your calves gain faster and more efficiently, adding at least an additional quarter of a pound of gain per day to your calves.”
Let’s look at one example of cowboy math that Jeffrey likes to explain.
If your calves gain .25 pounds per day extra, that is an extra 25 pounds after just 100 days. With Amaferm at just 4 cents per head per day, you just spent $4 for additional gain you wouldn’t have had before. That potentially leads to fewer total days on feed, for just $4. You can’t even get a soda and a candy bar for $4. Furthermore, the added pay weight of improved gain further amplifies the profitability
.25 pounds x 100 days = 25 pounds of gain
100 days x .04 = $4 for additional gain, saving days on feed/feed
More Cowboy Math
A backgrounder runs 2,000 calves in the Southern Plains while feeding a mineral from the local feedstore that costs $20/bag delivered. The average death loss is 2% or 40 calves.
The local BioZyme dealer – YOU – convinces this backgrounder to feed Gain Smart at an investment of $32*/bag delivered, a difference of $12, with $4 of that the Amaferm advantage. Each bag has 200 servings, and the feeder plans to graze for about 110 days, so he or she will need 1,100 bags. Thus, he or she will spend about $13,200 more on the mineral program this year than in the past.
Healthy, Efficient Pounds
But wait. Calves are healthier, and the death loss is cut to 1% or 20 calves feeding Gain Smart mineral. Now, let’s look at where the feeder is financially. (*suggested retail price may vary due to freight)
Initial investment: 1,100 bags x $12 more than previous mineral = $13,200
Saved 20 calves due to increased health: $1600 each x 20 head = $32,000
$32,000 – $13,200 = $18,800 profit in live calves
Another way to look at it is if you save one live calf at $1600, at $32 per bag, that one calf pays for 50 bags of Gain Smart. With 200 servings per bag, that one more calf paid for 100 calves’ minerals over a 100-day backgrounding period—healthy, efficient pounds.
Your customer’s initial investment has more than paid for itself, plus the Amaferm advantage helps calves gain potentially fewer days on grass. Calves should stay healthier, meaning fewer dollars spent on treatments. It’s an investment that will continue to offset the cost of gain in challenging times.
“Gain Smart improves feed efficiency and health, which is more money in your customer’s pocket,” Jeffrey said.
Gain Smart Provides Options
Currently, Gain Smart is available in 4 formulas for a variety of management scenarios. All of which can help your customers stay profitable, regardless of the cost of cattle. The 4 different free-choice vitamin and mineral supplement formulas for stocker cattle include:
1. Gain Smart Stocker
Gain Smart Stocker helps your herd maximize efficient gain.
It is designed for those feeding a medium to high forage diet and works well for both cool- and warm-season grasses. It is the most versatile and can be fed in multiple places under multiple conditions.
2. Gain Smart Stocker Wheat
Gain Smart Stocker Wheat maximizes efficient gain on wheat or small grain pasture.
This product is formulated for a higher-quality forage diet rich in protein and nitrogen, such as wheat, small grains and legumes.
3. Gain Smart Stocker HEAT®
Gain Smart Stocker HEAT maximizes efficient gain when temperatures are above 70 degrees Fahrenheit. It contains HEAT technology, a combination of essential oils and garlic, to support animals when heat and insects are a challenge.
Gain Smart Stocker HEAT is ideally suited for backgrounding and yearling cattle on grass. It contains plant extracts to help maintain circulation. That supports animal performance and gain in both heat and fescue situations. The plant extracts are research-proven to support animals’ ability to maintain normal body temperature. This mineral is ideal in the hot summer months or any time fescue is grazed. It also includes garlic to deter insects.
4. Gain Smart Stocker Balancer
Gain Smart Stocker Balancer RU 1600 maximizes efficient gain and balance high-grain diets when mixing TMR rations. It includes rumensin for improved feed efficiency.
Gain Smart Balancer RU 1600 is designed for calves being backgrounded or fed in a dry lot situation on a mixed grain ration. It complements the co-products, such as distiller’s grain and cereal byproducts, and works well with fermented feed like silage. It contains no phosphorus but does have rumensin. Gain Smart Balancer can be fed to heavier weights, and it is a good selection when trying to improve feed efficiency.
Get Gain Smart in your Warehouse Today
If you know you have stocker cattle operators in your area, make sure they know about Gain Smart mineral. Sometimes, our customers know BioZyme as the VitaFerm® or Sure Champ® brands. However, it’s vitally important to ensure that your customers know all brands.
For more information, visit the Gain Smart blog or contact your Area Sales Manager today!